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The Roman Forum
The Roman Forum, located in the valley between the Palatine and the Capitol, is consisting of a square quasi-trapezoidal between the Regia and the Rostra, the short sides, and the Basilica Aemilia and Julia on the long ones. Its extension in the northern part is the rally. The square was born as a place for trade and to the political and judicial, converged at the point where major roads (the Via Sacra, the Vicus Tuscus, Iugarius the Vicus, the Clivus Capitolinus the Argiletum).
Originally the area was swampy and partly used as a burial site since the tenth century BC about, witness the burial tombs discovered in 1902. Some remains of huts and ceramics found at the Archaic cemetery would think of houses scattered in the second half of the eighth century. The oldest monuments of sacred character attributed by tradition to the first king of Rome, dating to the second half of the sixth century BC At the beginning of the Republic (509 BC) were built the temple of Saturn and the Temple of Castor. The fifth century BC was probably the first forum of speakers, located between the Forum and the meeting. In the second century. BC four basilicas are built, for the administration of justice and conduct business. Under Caesar Augustus and the Forum then undergoes further changes. Augustan age dating of travertine flooring is still visible today. In imperial times arise in the Forum numerous honorary monuments, the last of these is the column dedicated in 608 AD, the Emperor Phocas. After the hole was abandoned and buried under a thick layer of earth, making pasture area known as Campo vaccine. Some temples were converted into churches, allowing time in their conservation. During the Renaissance, the Roman Forum is used as a quarry of marble and stone.
Arch of Titus - was erected, in 81 AD, the emperor Domitian in memory of his brother Tito to celebrate the victories against the Jews. Covered with greek marble, the monument has a single aperture flanked by four columns with capitals.
Basilica of Maxentius - Built between 306 and 312 AD Emperor Maxentius, was completed by Emperor Constantine. Originally five major steps leading into a huge room divided into three naves by marble columns. The only surviving column was removed in 1613 and located in front of the Basilica of St. Maria Maggiore. In the apse of the nave Constantine made up a giant statue with its arms, legs and head in white marble and gilded bronze rest. The head and foot are on display in the Capitoline Museums.
Temple of Venus and Roma - Temple built by the Emperor Hadrian, who perhaps was also the designer, in 135 AD and then completed by the emperor Antoninus Pius. Rich columns, occupying an area of 100 m to 145 m and contained two cells, which were rebuilt by Maxentius in 310 AD after a fire.
Bathing - Complex small baths that arise near the Temple of Heliogabalus and Vigna Barberini, near the Via Sacra.
CD Temple of Romulus - The building, once thought to be dedicated to the memory of Romulus, the son of the Emperor Maxentius in 309 AD, died young fact and deify his father, is now referred to as the Temple of Jupiter Stator.
Temple of Antoninus and Faustina - Built in 141 AD by Antoninus Pius in honor of his deceased wife Faustina after the death of the emperor was also dedicated to his memory. It stands on a high podium preceded by a staircase (rebuilt in brick) still remains at the center of the altar. The atrium is formed by ten marble columns. The cell in the eleventh century it was consecrated as the Church of San Lorenzo in Miranda.
Temple of Caesar (or Julius) - It was built by Emperor Augustus, where he burned the body of Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, which pronounced the funeral celebration. There are only a few leftovers, including the round altar erected probably in place of the funeral pyre.
Director - attributed by tradition to King Numa Pompilius and the likely residence of Tarquini. In the Republican period we shall serve the Rex Sacrorum, Pontifex Maximus and the other priests. The Royal was destroyed by fire in 64 BC and rebuilt in its original lines, demonstrating its sacredness, in 36 BC Domitius by Calvo.
Round Temple of Vesta - The building, originally a hut of the sacred fire "probably made of wood, straw and wicker, was rebuilt in 191 AD by Julia Domna, wife of Emperor Septimius Severus. A circular, covered by a roof with holes on top to let out the smoke of the sacred fire, was crowned by twenty columns of which today only three remain. Here were kept the sacred objects connected to the destiny of Rome, according to tradition, Aeneas brought from Troy.
Temple of Castor and Pollux (or Castor) - Dedicated to the worship of Castor and Pollux, was inaugurated in 484 BC and restored several times. With front facing the Forum was composed of nineteen columns (Today there are three). Inside, where sometimes, the Senate met, were verified weights and measures. At the foot of the podium, between the bases of columns, opened shops of bankers, money changers and barbers.
Basilica Julia - Built on site of the destroyed Sempronia Basilica, was built by Julius Caesar in 54 BC and then dedicated to him and completed by Emperor Augustus. Rebuilt after a fire in 2 BC, was restored for the last time in 416 AD The basilica, consisting of a large central hall, was a 2-storey and 5 aisles. Hosted the 4 sections of Assizes Roman governed by 105 judges, Centumviri.
S. Mary and buildings Domitian - The complex is the linking element between the Forum and the Palatine. It consists of a large room of Emperor Domitian, the "tabernae" of Hadrian, found another square room from which, through three entrances, one enters a room consists of a classroom in the central quadrangle bottom there are three rooms. The latter part in the sixth century A.D. was transformed in S. Maria Antiqua.
Horrea Agrippiana - The work, dating back to Augustus, is a monumental two-story square building in tuff, with large rooms that open onto a large courtyard with arcades and other smaller rooms. It was built by Agrippa to storage area (horrea), as attested by an inscription still visible in one of the central areas.
Basilica Aemilia - The only survivor of the republican basilicas, was built in 179 BC by censors and Marcus Lepidus Fulvio Nobilior. Initially named Fulvia Fulvia or Emilia, was restored several times by members of the Gens Emilia, from which it took its final name. The facade consists of a two-storey portico of sixteen columns with arcades on pilasters. Behind the portico were the shops, including through three arched entrances (that is full of modern times), you enter a grand hall divided into aisles and marble columns. Near the perimeter wall is exposed to the cast of a section of the frieze that decorated the entablature with scenes of the legendary origin of Rome. On the west side are the ruins of the ancient basilica.
Curia - Founded, according to tradition, by King Tullus hostile and rebuilt in 80 BC by Silla, was moved from its original site at present place of Caesar. Completed by Augustus in 29 BC and restored by Domitian in 94 AD, was rebuilt for the last time by Diocletian around 283 AD. In front there are three large windows and a monumental gate whose doors are copies of originals, transferred in 1660 in the Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano.
Arch of Septimius Severus - Built at the foot of Capitol Hill in 203 AD, the tenth anniversary of the ascent to the throne of the emperor Septimius Severus and even those dedicated to his son Caracalla. The two facades are crowned by a high attic (originally surmounted by a chariot with the Emperor and his son), in which there are four rooms accessible by a staircase. On both sides of the attic there is a large inscription with a dedication to Septimius Severus and Caracalla. The panels above the lower arches are represented scenes of the two campaigns against the Parthians.
Portico of the Allow - The building contains eight rooms flanked and preceded by a portico of twelve columns with Corinthian capitals. In some environments, the statues were probably the most important deities in the pantheon greek-roman. The building, dating from the Flavian period, was restored in 367 AD
Rostra - The semi-circular staircase, used as a forum for speakers, was ornamented with rostra, bronze spurs removed from the vessels after the victorious battle of Anzio (338 BC). Moved from the rally in response to the demolitions carried out by Caesar, was inaugurated in 44 BC, shortly before his death. The building now consists of the semicircular stairway access, some remains of the interior and facade. On the north side there is an addition of brick dating back to 470 AD
Temple of Saturn - Started at the end of the age direction, the temple was inaugurated between 498 and 497 BC and completely rebuilt in 42 BC In front of the front was leaning against a stem (it is the threshold of the door that opened onto the Forum) which was kept the public treasury of the state.
Temple of Vespasian and Titus - Temple Of the remaining three columns of the north-east. The steps to access the podium and back to the nineteenth century. The Emperor Titus began the construction of the temple in honor of his father Vespasian but died before its completion. It was his brother the emperor Domitian, who completed the work of the temple dedicated to Vespasian and Titus.
Column of Phocas - Last monument of the Roman Forum, the Column was dedicated in 608 AD to Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine emperor who gave the Pantheon to PapaBonifacio IV. The column, which has more ancient origins (it dates to the second century AD), is topped by a Corinthian capital.
Via Sacra - The Way, which crosses the Forum, was the location of the victorious leader (dux) to the Capitol. It was called Holy because, according to legend, Romulus and Titus Tatius walked after the close alliance after the war between Romans and Sabines. Every month we were held solemn religious ceremonies and sacrifices.
Address: Via Vecchia Salara, 5 / 6
Time
From January 2 to February 15 8:30 to 16:30 hours
From February 16 to March 15 8:30 to 17:00 hours
From March 16 to 29 hours: 8:30 to 17:30
From March 30 to August 31 8:30 to 19:15 hours
From September 1 to 30 hours 8:30 to 7:00 p.m.
From October 1 to 25 hours: 8:30 to 18:30
From October 26 to December 31 Hours: 8:30 to 16:30 Closed on December 25, January 1, May 1, 2008
Prices: Adults: € 9.00 Reduced: € 4.50, Free under 18 and over 65 EU
The ticket is valid for two days and allows access to areas of the Roman Forum and Palatine, the Coliseum and Exhibition inside the Colosseum.
Full price € 9.00 + 3,00 for exhibitions
Reduced ticket € 4.50 + 3,00 for exhibitions
Phone: 0039 06 699841 - 06 39967700
Group visits
hours: on
Language: English, Italian, French, Spanish
Participants: max 40
Duration: 1 hour
Cost: € 100.00
Reservation: required
Audio guides
Languages: Italian, English, French, Japanese, Spanish
Duration: 1 hour and 10 minutes
Cost: € 4.00
Information and reservations
singles: 0039 06 39967700 Monday-Friday 9-18 Saturday 9-14
Groups: 0039 06 39967450 Monday-Friday 9-18 Saturday 9-14
schools: 0039 06 39967200 Monday-Friday 9-18 Saturday 9-14
For more information call +39 060608
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The Roman Forum
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The Roman Forum, located in the valley between the Palatine and the Capitol, is consisting of a square quasi-trapezoidal between the Regia and the Rostra, the short sides, and the Basilica Aemilia and Julia on the long ones. Its extension in the northern part is the rally. The square was born as a place for trade and to the political and judicial, converged at the point where major roads (the Via Sacra, the Vicus Tuscus, Iugarius the Vicus, the Clivus Capitolinus the Argiletum). Originally the area was swampy and partly used as a burial site since the tenth century BC about, witness the burial tombs discovered in 1902. Some remains of huts and ceramics found at the Archaic cemetery would think of houses scattered in the second half of the eighth century. The oldest monuments of sacred character attributed by tradition to the first king of Rome, dating to the second half of the sixth century BC At the beginning of the Republic (509 BC) were built the temple of Saturn and the Temple of Castor. The fifth century BC was probably the first forum of speakers, located between the Forum and the meeting. In the second century. BC four basilicas are built, for the administration of justice and conduct business. Under Caesar Augustus and the Forum then undergoes further changes. Augustan age dating of travertine flooring is still visible today. In imperial times arise in the Forum numerous honorary monuments, the last of these is the column dedicated in 608 AD, the Emperor Phocas. After the hole was abandoned and buried under a thick layer of earth, making pasture area known as Campo vaccine. Some temples were converted into churches, allowing time in their conservation. During the Renaissance, the Roman Forum is used as a quarry of marble and stone. Arch of Titus - was erected, in 81 AD, the emperor Domitian in memory of his brother Tito to celebrate the victories against the Jews. Covered with greek marble, the monument has a single aperture flanked by four columns with capitals. Basilica of Maxentius - Built between 306 and 312 AD Emperor Maxentius, was completed by Emperor Constantine. Originally five major steps leading into a huge room divided into three naves by marble columns. The only surviving column was removed in 1613 and located in front of the Basilica of St. Maria Maggiore. In the apse of the nave Constantine made up a giant statue with its arms, legs and head in white marble and gilded bronze rest. The head and foot are on display in the Capitoline Museums. Temple of Venus and Roma - Temple built by the Emperor Hadrian, who perhaps was also the designer, in 135 AD and then completed by the emperor Antoninus Pius. Rich columns, occupying an area of 100 m to 145 m and contained two cells, which were rebuilt by Maxentius in 310 AD after a fire. Bathing - Complex small baths that arise near the Temple of Heliogabalus and Vigna Barberini, near the Via Sacra. CD Temple of Romulus - The building, once thought to be dedicated to the memory of Romulus, the son of the Emperor Maxentius in 309 AD, died young fact and deify his father, is now referred to as the Temple of Jupiter Stator. Temple of Antoninus and Faustina - Built in 141 AD by Antoninus Pius in honor of his deceased wife Faustina after the death of the emperor was also dedicated to his memory. It stands on a high podium preceded by a staircase (rebuilt in brick) still remains at the center of the altar. The atrium is formed by ten marble columns. The cell in the eleventh century it was consecrated as the Church of San Lorenzo in Miranda. Temple of Caesar (or Julius) - It was built by Emperor Augustus, where he burned the body of Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, which pronounced the funeral celebration. There are only a few leftovers, including the round altar erected probably in place of the funeral pyre. Director - attributed by tradition to King Numa Pompilius and the likely residence of Tarquini. In the Republican period we shall serve the Rex Sacrorum, Pontifex Maximus and the other priests. The Royal was destroyed by fire in 64 BC and rebuilt in its original lines, demonstrating its sacredness, in 36 BC Domitius by Calvo. Round Temple of Vesta - The building, originally a hut of the sacred fire "probably made of wood, straw and wicker, was rebuilt in 191 AD by Julia Domna, wife of Emperor Septimius Severus. A circular, covered by a roof with holes on top to let out the smoke of the sacred fire, was crowned by twenty columns of which today only three remain. Here were kept the sacred objects connected to the destiny of Rome, according to tradition, Aeneas brought from Troy. Temple of Castor and Pollux (or Castor) - Dedicated to the worship of Castor and Pollux, was inaugurated in 484 BC and restored several times. With front facing the Forum was composed of nineteen columns (Today there are three). Inside, where sometimes, the Senate met, were verified weights and measures. At the foot of the podium, between the bases of columns, opened shops of bankers, money changers and barbers. Basilica Julia - Built on site of the destroyed Sempronia Basilica, was built by Julius Caesar in 54 BC and then dedicated to him and completed by Emperor Augustus. Rebuilt after a fire in 2 BC, was restored for the last time in 416 AD The basilica, consisting of a large central hall, was a 2-storey and 5 aisles. Hosted the 4 sections of Assizes Roman governed by 105 judges, Centumviri. S. Mary and buildings Domitian - The complex is the linking element between the Forum and the Palatine. It consists of a large room of Emperor Domitian, the "tabernae" of Hadrian, found another square room from which, through three entrances, one enters a room consists of a classroom in the central quadrangle bottom there are three rooms. The latter part in the sixth century A.D. was transformed in S. Maria Antiqua. Horrea Agrippiana - The work, dating back to Augustus, is a monumental two-story square building in tuff, with large rooms that open onto a large courtyard with arcades and other smaller rooms. It was built by Agrippa to storage area (horrea), as attested by an inscription still visible in one of the central areas. Basilica Aemilia - The only survivor of the republican basilicas, was built in 179 BC by censors and Marcus Lepidus Fulvio Nobilior. Initially named Fulvia Fulvia or Emilia, was restored several times by members of the Gens Emilia, from which it took its final name. The facade consists of a two-storey portico of sixteen columns with arcades on pilasters. Behind the portico were the shops, including through three arched entrances (that is full of modern times), you enter a grand hall divided into aisles and marble columns. Near the perimeter wall is exposed to the cast of a section of the frieze that decorated the entablature with scenes of the legendary origin of Rome. On the west side are the ruins of the ancient basilica. Curia - Founded, according to tradition, by King Tullus hostile and rebuilt in 80 BC by Silla, was moved from its original site at present place of Caesar. Completed by Augustus in 29 BC and restored by Domitian in 94 AD, was rebuilt for the last time by Diocletian around 283 AD. In front there are three large windows and a monumental gate whose doors are copies of originals, transferred in 1660 in the Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano. Arch of Septimius Severus - Built at the foot of Capitol Hill in 203 AD, the tenth anniversary of the ascent to the throne of the emperor Septimius Severus and even those dedicated to his son Caracalla. The two facades are crowned by a high attic (originally surmounted by a chariot with the Emperor and his son), in which there are four rooms accessible by a staircase. On both sides of the attic there is a large inscription with a dedication to Septimius Severus and Caracalla. The panels above the lower arches are represented scenes of the two campaigns against the Parthians. Portico of the Allow - The building contains eight rooms flanked and preceded by a portico of twelve columns with Corinthian capitals. In some environments, the statues were probably the most important deities in the pantheon greek-roman. The building, dating from the Flavian period, was restored in 367 AD Rostra - The semi-circular staircase, used as a forum for speakers, was ornamented with rostra, bronze spurs removed from the vessels after the victorious battle of Anzio (338 BC). Moved from the rally in response to the demolitions carried out by Caesar, was inaugurated in 44 BC, shortly before his death. The building now consists of the semicircular stairway access, some remains of the interior and facade. On the north side there is an addition of brick dating back to 470 AD Temple of Saturn - Started at the end of the age direction, the temple was inaugurated between 498 and 497 BC and completely rebuilt in 42 BC In front of the front was leaning against a stem (it is the threshold of the door that opened onto the Forum) which was kept the public treasury of the state. Temple of Vespasian and Titus - Temple Of the remaining three columns of the north-east. The steps to access the podium and back to the nineteenth century. The Emperor Titus began the construction of the temple in honor of his father Vespasian but died before its completion. It was his brother the emperor Domitian, who completed the work of the temple dedicated to Vespasian and Titus. Column of Phocas - Last monument of the Roman Forum, the Column was dedicated in 608 AD to Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine emperor who gave the Pantheon to PapaBonifacio IV. The column, which has more ancient origins (it dates to the second century AD), is topped by a Corinthian capital. Via Sacra - The Way, which crosses the Forum, was the location of the victorious leader (dux) to the Capitol. It was called Holy because, according to legend, Romulus and Titus Tatius walked after the close alliance after the war between Romans and Sabines. Every month we were held solemn religious ceremonies and sacrifices. Address: Via Vecchia Salara, 5 / 6 Time From January 2 to February 15 8:30 to 16:30 hours From February 16 to March 15 8:30 to 17:00 hours From March 16 to 29 hours: 8:30 to 17:30 From March 30 to August 31 8:30 to 19:15 hours From September 1 to 30 hours 8:30 to 7:00 p.m. From October 1 to 25 hours: 8:30 to 18:30 From October 26 to December 31 Hours: 8:30 to 16:30 Closed on December 25, January 1, May 1, 2008 Prices: Adults: € 9.00 Reduced: € 4.50, Free under 18 and over 65 EU The ticket is valid for two days and allows access to areas of the Roman Forum and Palatine, the Coliseum and Exhibition inside the Colosseum. Full price € 9.00 + 3,00 for exhibitions Reduced ticket € 4.50 + 3,00 for exhibitions Phone: 0039 06 699841 - 06 39967700 Group visits hours: on Language: English, Italian, French, Spanish Participants: max 40 Duration: 1 hour Cost: € 100.00 Reservation: required Audio guides Languages: Italian, English, French, Japanese, Spanish Duration: 1 hour and 10 minutes Cost: € 4.00 Information and reservations singles: 0039 06 39967700 Monday-Friday 9-18 Saturday 9-14 Groups: 0039 06 39967450 Monday-Friday 9-18 Saturday 9-14 schools: 0039 06 39967200 Monday-Friday 9-18 Saturday 9-14 For more information call +39 060608
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